Which state is better for veterans — Montana or Colorado?
There's no universal answer; the better state depends on your priorities. Below are the factors that most often decide the question.
If you're a military retiree
Both retirement income tax and property tax matter most in retirement. Montana does not tax military retirement pay, while Colorado taxes military retirement pay (colorado allows a pension/annuity subtraction (up to $24,000 for age 65+, less for 55–64) that effectively shelters most military retirement pay.). On property, Montana offers a partial property tax reduction, and Colorado offers a partial property tax reduction.
If you have school-age children
Montana's headline program is the Montana University System Honorably Discharged Veteran Fee Waiver — Honorably discharged combat-service veterans qualifying as Montana residents may receive a fee waiver at Montana University System schools that covers registration and incidental fees not paid by GI Bill. Colorado's is the Colorado Dependents Tuition Assistance Program — Tuition assistance at Colorado state-supported institutions for dependents of veterans who died in service or from service-connected causes, or who are 100% permanently disabled. Colorado National Guard members also qualify for state tuition assistance up to 100%.
If you're still on active duty
Proximity to a major installation matters for housing markets, healthcare options (Tricare), and post-service employment networks. Montana hosts 1 significant installation(s) including Malmstrom AFB.Colorado hosts 6 including U.S. Air Force Academy, Peterson SFB, Schriever SFB.
Climate and lifestyle
Montana: Continental and alpine climate; cold snowy winters, mild summers, vast open spaces. Colorado: High-altitude semi-arid climate with sunny winters, dry summers, and snowy mountain seasons.